Analisis Hukum Terhadap Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) Dalam Perspektif Prinsip Non-Discrimination WTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v6i5.9000Keywords:
WTO, CBAM, Most-Favoured Nation, National Treatment, Negara BerkembangAbstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis kesesuaian kebijakan Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) Uni Eropa dengan prinsip Non-Discrimination WTO, khususnya Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) dan National Treatment (NT), serta mengkaji upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh negara berkembang. CBAM menimbulkan perdebatan karena berpotensi menciptakan perlakuan tidak seimbang terhadap negara berkembang yang memiliki keterbatasan kapasitas teknologi dan regulasi untuk memenuhi standar lingkungan Uni Eropa. Urgensi penelitian terletak pada terbatasnya kajian normatif mengenai kesesuaian CBAM dengan prinsip Non-Discrimination WTO. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan internasional, dokumen WTO, dan literatur ilmiah terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi CBAM berpotensi diskriminatif terhadap negara berkembang apabila tidak mempertimbangkan perbedaan kapasitas ekonomi dan teknologi antarnegara. Penerapan CBAM perlu dilakukan secara inklusif dan selaras dengan prinsip perdagangan internasional. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada fokus analisis implikasi CBAM bagi negara berkembang dari perspektif prinsip Non-Discrimination WTO serta upaya hukum melalui mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa WTO.
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