Di Balik Prestasi: Peran Modal Budaya Keluarga dalam Capaian Akademik Siswa di Kota Surakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v7i5.9418Keywords:
Modal Budaya, Prestasi Akademik, Keluarga, Siswa Berprestasi, SurakartaAbstract
Prestasi akademik sering dijelaskan melalui kemampuan individual dan mutu sekolah, padahal keluarga juga membentuk kebiasaan belajar, akses sumber daya dan orientasi pendidikan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bentuk Modal Budaya keluarga yang mendukung siswa berprestasi di Kota Surakarta serta memahami bagaimana perbedaan akumulasi Modal Budaya membantu menjelaskan variasi lintas akademik siswa. Penelitian menggunakan desain mixed methods dengan memadukan kuantifikasi tematik deskriptif dan interpretasi kualitatif atas wawancara semi-terstruktur. Data utama diperoleh dari 50 siswa dan 10 wali kelas pada lima SMA di Kota Surakarta. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan konsep Modal Budaya embodied, objectified, dan institutionalized dari Bourdieu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan keluarga muncul pada seluruh data siswa dan wali kelas. Indikator dominan lain adalah aspirasi pendidikan tinggi, latar pendidikan dan profesi orang tua, fasilitas digital, simbol prestasi di rumah, komunikasi keluarga, serta kemandirian belajar. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa prestasi tidak hanya lahir dari fasilitas mahal atau les tambahan tetapi juga dari praktik keluarga sehari-hari berupa pantauan, dorongan, rutinitas literasi, disiplin belajar, dan harapan kuliah. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa prestasi siswa terbentuk melalui kesesuaian antara habitus keluarga dan tuntutan sekolah.
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